ملحق:قائمة كنى ولايات الولايات المتحدة

من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
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هذا جدول بكنى الولايات المتحدة، متضمنةً الكنى الرسمية، وغيرها من الكنى الشعبية لكل ولاية ومقاطعة. الكُنَى الرسمية حاليّا مكتوبة بالخط العريض.

كنى الولايات [عدل]

الولاية الكنية/الكنى
 Alabama
(لا كنية رسمية)[1]
 Alaska
 Arizona
 Arkansas
 California
  • ولاية El Dorado
  • الولاية الذهبية و"أرض الشروق والفرص"[9] (كانت تستخدم في لوحات تسجيل المركبات)
  • الغرب الذهبي
  • ولاية العنب
  • أرض الحليب والعسل
  • إناء الأمة القمحي
  • The Eureka State [10]
  • ولاية الدب (أو الجمهوري)
  • The Sunshine State (in disuse) (check FL)
 Colorado
 Connecticut
 Delaware
 District of Columbia
  • A Capital City (previously used on license plates)
  • The Federal City
  • The District
 Florida
 Georgia (U.S. state)
  • Peach State[23] (previously used on license plates)
  • Cracker State — Along with Florida, Georgia had been called "The Cracker State" in earlier times, perhaps a derogatory term that referred to immigrants, called "crackers," from the mountains of Virginia and North Carolina.[23] See also Atlanta Crackers: Origin of the name
  • Empire State of the South — Refers to economic leadership[23]
  • Yankee-land of the South: Similarly to the above nickname, "Yankee-land of the South" speaks to industrial and economic development in the south. This nickname may be used in a derogatory sense.[23]
  • Goober State — Refers to peanuts, the official state crop.[23]
 Hawaii
 Idaho
 Illinois[29]
 Indiana
 Iowa
  • Hawkeye State[32]
  • Land of the Rolling Prairie
  • Cyclone State
  • Tall Corn State
 Kansas
 Kentucky
 Louisiana
  • Bayou State (previously used on license plates)
  • Child of the Mississippi
  • Creole State
  • Fisherman's Paradise
  • Holland of America
  • Pelican State
  • Sportsman's Paradise (currently used on license plates)
  • Sugar State
 Maine
 Maryland
 Massachusetts
 Michigan
  • The Great Lakes State (previously used on license plates)
  • Mitten State
  • Winter Water Wonderland (previously used on license plates)
  • Wolverine State[20]
  • The Birthplace of Automotives
  • The State Up North
 Minnesota
  • Gopher State
  • Land of 10,000 Lakes (currently used on license plates)
  • Land of Lakes
  • Land of Sky-Blue Waters
  • North Star State
  • State of Hockey[46]
 Mississippi
 Missouri
 Montana
 Nebraska
  • Beef State (previously used on license plates)
  • Cornhusker State (previously used on license plates)
  • Tree Planter's State
 Nevada
 New Hampshire
 New Jersey
 New Mexico
 New York
 North Carolina
 North Dakota
 Ohio
 Oklahoma
 Oregon
 Pennsylvania
 Rhode Island
  • Little Rhody[20]
  • Ocean State (currently used on license plates)
  • Plantation State
  • Land of Yale Rejects
 South Carolina
 South Dakota
 Tennessee
 Texas
 Utah
  • Beehive State
  • Mormon State[60]
  • Friendly State (in disuse) (formerly used on license plates)[61]
  • Greatest Snow on Earth (formerly used on all license plates; now an alternate slogan on license plates alongside the state's current tourism slogan, "Life Elevated")
 Vermont
 Virginia
  • Mother of Presidents
  • The Old Dominion[20]
  • The Commonwealth
 Washington
 West Virginia
 Wisconsin
 Wyoming
  • Cowboy State
  • Equality State
  • Park State

انظر أيضًا [عدل]

مراجع [عدل]

عام
ملاحظات
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  2. أ ب Introduction to Alabama, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  3. أ ب ت "Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors". Alabama Department of Archives & History. 2006-04-20. http://www.archives.state.al.us/emblems/emblems.html. Retrieved 2007-03-18. "Alabama does not have an official nickname."
  4. ^ "Heart of Dixie". Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors. Alabama Department of Archives & History. 2004-06-29. http://www.archives.state.al.us/emblems/Heart_of_Dixie.html. Retrieved 2007-03-18.
  5. ^ Nicknames: America's 50 States (First of Four Parts)”، Voice of America، VOA Special English program، 6 يناير 2008.. وصل لهذا المسار في 4 يناير 2009.
  6. أ ب ت ث The Last Frontier State, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  7. أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر Introduction to Arizona, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  8. أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د Introduction to Arkansas, US States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  9. ^ State Symbols”، California State Library، State of California. وصل لهذا المسار في 26 يناير 2008.
  10. ^ http://www.shgresources.com/ca/symbols/motto/
  11. أ ب ت ث "Colorado" (HTML). NetState.com. NState, LLC.. http://www.netstate.com/states/intro/co_intro.htm. Retrieved 2007-02-21.
  12. أ ب "Colorado State Name and Nicknames" (HTML). Colorado State Symbols & Emblems. State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives. http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/doit/archives/history/symbemb.htm#Name. Retrieved 2007-02-21.
  13. ^ "Colorado State Flower" (HTML). Colorado State Symbols & Emblems. State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives. http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/doit/archives/history/symbemb.htm#Flower. Retrieved 2007-02-21.
  14. ^ "Colorado Water History" (asp). Colorado Historical Society. http://www.coloradohistory.org/RIPsigns/show_markertext.asp?id=797. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
  15. ^ "Denver" (HTML). wikipedia.org. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver,_Colorado. Retrieved 2007-05-05.
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  18. أ ب ت Introduction to Connecticut, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  19. أ ب ت ث STATE OF CONNECTICUT, Sites º Seals º Symbols; Connecticut State Register & Manual; retrieved on January 4, 2007
  20. أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص Barry Popik, Smoky City, barrypopik.com website, March 27, 2005
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  22. أ ب ت ث ج Introduction to Florida, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
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  24. أ ب ت ث Introduction to Hawaii, 50 States.
  25. ^ http://www.guidebookamerica.com/news/hawaii_rainbow/index.htm
  26. ^ Nicknames: America's 50 States (Second of Four Parts)”، Voice of America، VOA Special English program، 12 يناير 2008.. وصل لهذا المسار في 4 يناير 2009.
  27. أ ب Introduction to Idaho, 50 States.
  28. ^ "SuperPages: Idaho History" (HTML). http://www.superpages.com/states/ID/history.html. Retrieved 2008-03-21.
  29. ^ "Illinois" (HTML). Illinois State Symbols & Emblems. http://www.netstate.com/states/intro/il_intro.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
  30. أ ب ت ث ج Introduction to Illinois, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  31. ^ The official sobriquet of the State of Indiana has given rise to the humorous constructions Hoosierana (the land of Hoosiers; see uses in Indiana Journalism Hall of Fame and by sports journalist Frank DeFord) and Hoosierstan (the place of Hoosiers).
  32. ^ "Iowa Department of Economic Development Travel Iowa web site - State Symbols". Iowa Department of Economic Development. http://www.traveliowa.com/iowafacts/symbols.html. Retrieved August 7, 2007.
  33. أ ب ت ث Introduction to Kentucky, 50 States.
  34. ^ http://www.50states.com/bio/nickname2.htm
  35. ^ Judy Colbert, Off the Beaten Path: Maryland and Delaware, 8th ed., 2007, ISBN 15385485.
  36. أ ب ت ث ج ح [1]
  37. ^ Nicknames: America's 50 States (Third of Four Parts)”، Voice of America، VOA Special English program، 19 يناير 2008.. وصل لهذا المسار في 4 يناير 2009.
  38. ^ Archives of Maryland Online
  39. أ ب ت Introduction to Massachusetts, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  40. ^ Massachusetts (state, United States), Britannica Online, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  41. ^ Andrew Ryan, Report: 'Taxachusetts' label remains part of Massachusetts' past, Boston Globe, April 6, 2007.
  42. ^ Daniel J. Flynn, 'Taxachusetts' no more?, Forbes, October 22, 2008.
  43. ^ 'Taxachusetts' Voters May Eliminate State Income Tax, Fox News, October 7, 2008.
  44. ^ Michael D. Shear, Giuliani Backers Attack 'Taxachusetts Romney', The Washington Post, December 12, 2007.
  45. ^ Slate's Chatterbox: The Myth of 'Taxachusetts', National Public Radio, October 15, 2004.
  46. ^ Jess Myers, Hockey roots run deep in Minnesota, ESPN.com, February 10, 2004
  47. أ ب ت "State of New Hampshire Division of Travel and Tourism Development" (HTML). State Facts. http://www.visitnh.gov/about-new-hampshire/state-facts.aspx. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
  48. أ ب ت ث New Mexico Symbols, State Names, SHG Resources website, accessed July 7, 2008
  49. ^ Official State Symbols of North Carolina”، State of North Carolina. وصل لهذا المسار في 26 يناير 2008.
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  51. ^ Why We are Called Tar Heels”، UNC Libraries. وصل لهذا المسار في 26 يناير 2008.
  52. ^ Jenkins، Jim، “A motto: no contest if you please”، 'The News and Observer'. وصل لهذا المسار في 27 ديسمبر 2008.
  53. ^ "It's official: Ohio IS the birthplace of aviation". The Cincinnati Enquirer. 2003-06-14. http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2003/06/14/loc_ohioflight14.html. Retrieved 2007-04-06.
  54. ^ Nicknames: America's 50 States (Fourth of Four Parts)”، Voice of America، VOA Special English program، 26 يناير 2008.. وصل لهذا المسار في 4 يناير 2009.
  55. ^ "Oregon's license plate from 1960 to circa 1966". Plate Shack. http://www.plateshack.com/oregon/oregon3.html. Retrieved 2007-07-12.
  56. ^ "Iodine". South Carolina Encyclopedia. 2007-04-14. http://www.scencyclopedia.com/iodine.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-06.
  57. أ ب ت ث ج South Dakota Symbols, State Names, SHG Resources website, accessed July 7, 2008
  58. أ ب ت ث ج Tennessee Symbols and Honors, in Tennessee Blue Book
  59. أ ب Texas:Facts, Map, and State Symbols”، EnchantedLearing.com. وصل لهذا المسار في 9 مارس 2008.
  60. ^ "NetState: Utah" (HTML). http://www.netstate.com/states/intro/ut_intro.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
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  62. ^ "Symbols of Washington State". Washington State Legislature. http://www1.leg.wa.gov/Legislature/StateSymbols/. Retrieved 2007-03-11.