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أنشأ الصفحة ب''''Nonbenzodiazepines''' {{IPAc-en|ˌ|n|ən|b|ɛ|n|z|ɵ|d|aɪ|ˈ|æ|z|ɨ|p|iː|n}} (sometimes referred to colloquially as "'''Z-drug'''") are a class of psychoactive...' |
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نسخة 10:33، 29 سبتمبر 2014
Nonbenzodiazepines /ˌnənbɛnz[invalid input: 'ɵ']daɪˈæz[invalid input: 'ɨ']piːn/ (sometimes referred to colloquially as "Z-drug") are a class of psychoactive drugs that are very benzodiazepine-like in nature. Nonbenzodiazepines pharmacodynamics are almost entirely the same as benzodiazepine drugs and therefore employ similar benefits, side-effects, and risks. Nonbenzodiazepines, however, have dissimilar or entirely different chemical structures and, therefore, are unrelated to benzodiazepines on a molecular level.[1][2]
Classes
Currently, the major chemical classes of nonbenzodiazepines are:
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Pharmacology
The nonbenzodiazepines are positive allosteric modulators of the GABA-A receptor. Like the benzodiazepines, they exert their effects by binding to and activating the benzodiazepine site of the receptor complex.
Background
Nonbenzodiazepines have demonstrated efficacy in treating sleep disorders. There is some limited evidence that suggests that tolerance to nonbenzodiazepines is slower to develop than with benzodiazepines.[بحاجة لمصدر] However, data is limited so no conclusions can be drawn. Data is also limited into the long term effects of nonbenzodiazepines. Further research into the safety of nonbenzodiazepines and long term effectiveness of nonbenzodiazepines has been recommended in a review of the literature.[3] Some differences exist between the Z-drugs, for example tolerance and rebound effects may not occur with zaleplon.[4]
- ^ Siriwardena AN, Qureshi Z, Gibson S, Collier S, Latham M (ديسمبر 2006). "GPs' attitudes to benzodiazepine and 'Z-drug' prescribing: a barrier to implementation of evidence and guidance on hypnotics". Br J Gen Pract. ج. 56 ع. 533: 964–7. PMC:1934058. PMID:17132386.
{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link) - ^ Wagner J, Wagner ML, Hening WA (يونيو 1998). "Beyond benzodiazepines: alternative pharmacologic agents for the treatment of insomnia". Ann Pharmacother. ج. 32 ع. 6: 680–91. DOI:10.1345/aph.17111. PMID:9640488.
{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link) - ^ Benca RM (مارس 2005). "Diagnosis and treatment of chronic insomnia: a review". Psychiatr Serv. ج. 56 ع. 3: 332–43. DOI:10.1176/appi.ps.56.3.332. PMID:15746509.
- ^ Lader MH (يناير 2001). "Implications of hypnotic flexibility on patterns of clinical use". Int J Clin Pract Suppl ع. 116: 14–9. PMID:11219327.