مستخدم:Dramrsaleh/ملعب

Pentagram Strategy: Egyptian Dr. Amr Sayed Saleh Abdel Aziz has designed the Pentagram strategy as a technique to develop thinking skills and solve problems in creative ways. It consists of two words: “Penta” which means five and “gram” which means a circular design, and the whole expression means “a circular Penta design”.The pentagram strategy is one of the modern teaching strategies; it refers to a set plan and a collection of procedures that happen in an organized and sequential way and that aim at solving a pre-designed problem. In this way, the individual is aware of his thinking processes and is ready to plan and take his decisions and applythem. He can also watch and evaluate his thoughts -through meditation and self-evaluation- as well as the mental activities that are employed before, during and after solving a problem. The "Pentagram" strategy relies on effective research processes with the aim of getting a right and direct access to information and knowledge with the least effort and time. It is a new educational strategy aiming at developing higher thinking skills such as planning, observation, and evaluation. It also aims to provide a new educational system for students, as it is flexible and can be usedin all educational stages and in all subjects and specialties. It offers specific educational tasks that help the learner to carry out his own various processesof research and exploration of information. Its success depends on putting contentincon text, through available and pre-selected sources, and it takes the learner from one stage to another where the harvest of this design appears at the end. Phases of the Pentagram strategy: The strategy consists of five phases: 1- Knowledge phase: This phase is central to the learner's journey to reach the results of tasks, where it provides the cognitive background of the subject in a way that excites the learner’s motivation for research and learning. It aims to provide the general context and the whole image of the task, which the learners are required to do, starting with identifying the idea of searching for information, setting goals by asking the fundamental questions of the task, and clarifying the way in which the task is conducted through the use of design. 2- Planning phase: in this phase, previous knowledge and the data collected from the previous phase are organized, in order to help learners to visualize the steps of implementation of the plan of the task, identify the steps to be followed to answer the questions previously asked in the stage of knowledge, and identify ways or means that help him achieve the desired goal of the task. 3- Decision-making phase: it is the stage in which learners choose the optimal way to carry out the task, and choose the right icons that make it easier for them to reach the goal through the electronic program, so they must use the icons and link them to the central questions of the task. 4- Application phase: It is the stage to implement the best options that are planned and selected, by making the right decision. In this way, the task is applicable. It is the critical stage for success in the task where learners engage in activities to find a solution to the task. 5- Evaluation phase: This phase includes the follow-up and continuous evaluation of what the learners do at each of the previous phases, judging the way and extent of the mission. The teacher must encourage the learners and strengthen their confidencethrough both physical and moral reinforcement to reach the desired results of the task.

The phases are integrated in the following diagram: Strategic characteristics of the Pentagon:

1. Continuous: monitoring changes that happen during each phase while conducting corrective operations. 2. Flexible: not committed to fixed steps, as a phase can be started before the end of the phase preceding it. 3. Complementary: as mastery of each phase depends on mastering the other phases. 4. Overlapping: the change that occurs at any of its stage affects all phases. 5. Organized: it starts with inputs, passing through different phases, and ends at the end of each cycle with new outputs. The arrow represents a fixed base on which the design wheel rotates. The strategic importance of the Pentagon: 1. Helps not to distract students or waste their time. 2. Encouragesstudents to deal with diverse sources of knowledge. 3. Helpsstudents acquire the skills of research, learning and thinking. 4. Helps to clearly formulate the objectives of general and procedural tasks. 5. Makes use of the available capabilities and modern e-learning technologies. 6. Gives students the ability to research specific points in depth. 7. Provides information in a secure way through the program (Level comfort). Strategic advantages of the Pentagon: 1. Developing students’ higher thinking skills. 2. Improving learners’ intellectual performance. 3. Developing students' everydayskills. 4. Developing pre-thought that reduces costly mistakes. 5. Creating students’ initiativespirit to solve problems. 6. Taking into account the obvious differences and individual discrepancies between students. 7. Enhancing students’ sense of achievement and reducingthe anxiety accompanying tests. 8. Suiting education technology and modern techniques. 9. Working to attract attention and incite students’ motivation. 10. Transforming the traditional learning process into a fun learning process forstudents. This strategy is a well-thought-out plan that is applicable to any subject and to any class.

      It is not like any strategy as its success does not depend on the success of the implementation of its five phases. It is characterized by the fact that one or more phases of the strategy can be avoided, as it does not have a specific beginning, but can start from where the learner stops.

The main factor and basic pillar is the interaction of students. This interaction can only be positive with thehelp of the teacher -the cornerstone- especially in the younger age groups. As I have previously stressed, there is no single teaching strategy that works with all students at all times at once within the classroom environment. Hence, any strategy is likely to be highly successful with a group of students and less successful with other groups, due to individual differences between students. The best thing teachers do is to use several different teaching strategies with their students. The variety of strategies is better to reach the widest range of students. You will not know what suits your students unless you use different strategies suitable for teaching them. The distinguished teacher is the one who develops his abilities and his permanent thinking skills.By teaching the strategy, the teacher can himself develop his ideas, which affects his performance with his students and hence achieve the desired results. Dear teacher ... Please read the strategyaccurately and carefully before teaching. You can also review the strategy before teaching so that you can have the great benefit of it. May Allah accept this work as a sincere effort. : 1. Abdul Aziz, Amr Saleh (2014). The Effectiveness of an E-learning Program in Teaching Social Studies to First-preparatory Studentsto DevelopCognitive andThinking Skills.PhD Thesis. Faculty of Education, Fayoum University. 2. Abdul Aziz, Amr Saleh (2016).The Effectiveness of a Training Program based on the Pentagon Strategy to Develop Problem-Solving Skills in Creative Ways for Talented Students in the Light of Therese Theory.Third scientific meeting of talents for discovery and investment. King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. 3. Abdul Aziz, Amr Saleh (2016).Pentagram Strategy for Developing Thinking Skills and Problem Solving. Anglo Library, Egypt. 4. Abdel Aziz, Amr Saleh, and Morsi, Nevin Qadri (2016).Pentagram Strategy and Therese's Theory for Solving Problems in Creative Ways. Anglo Library, Egypt.