^Gracyk, Tim with Frank Hoffman, Popular American Recording Pioneers: 1895--1925, Haworth Press, New York, 2000, pp. 39--42. (ردمك 0-7890-1220-0)
^DeLong, Thomas A., Radio Stars: An Illustrated Biographical Dictionary of 953 Performers, 1920 through 1960, McFarland, Jefferson, North Carolina, 1996, p. 26. (ردمك 0-7864-0149-4)
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