الأرخبيل الفلسطيني: الفرق بين النسختين

من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
[نسخة منشورة][نسخة منشورة]
تم حذف المحتوى تمت إضافة المحتوى
تعريب
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سطر 16: سطر 16:
== ملاحظات ==
== ملاحظات ==
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{{ملاحظات}}

== المراجع ==


=== الإشارات المرجعية ===
=== الإشارات المرجعية ===
{{مراجع|20em}}
{{مراجع|20em}}

{{شريط بوابات|إسرائيل|فلسطين}}
=== المعلومات الكاملة للمراجع ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
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*{{cite journal|title=Enclaves, borders, and everyday movements: Palestinian marginal mobility in East Jerusalem|last=Baumann|first=Hanna|journal=Cities|year=2016|volume=59|pages=173–182|url=https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252554|doi=10.1016/j.cities.2015.10.012|issn=0264-2751}}
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*{{Cite book|title=Israel and Palestine Alternative Perspectives on Statehood|publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield Publishers]]|year=2016|pages=243–270|isbn=978-1-442-24508-2|editor1-last=Ehrenberg|editor1-first=John|chapter=Past and Present Perfect of Israel's One-State Solution|editor2-last=Peled|editor2-first=Yoav|editor2-link=Miko Peled|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309873085|via=[[ResearchGate]]|last=Behar|first=Moshe}}
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*{{cite journal|title=Transportational Contiguity|last=Blecher|first=Robert|journal=[[Middle East Report]]|year=2005|url=https://merip.org/2005/03/transportational-contiguity/}}
** Also at [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZDQsAQAAIAAJ Google books].
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*{{Cite book|title=Empires and Walls: Globalization, Migration, and Colonial Domination|publisher=[[Brill Publishers|BRILL]]|year=2013|pages=271–319|isbn=978-9-004-26066-5|chapter=Bantustans, Maquiladoras, and the Separation Barrier Israeli Style|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=toxWAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA271|last=Chaichian|first=Mohammed}}
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*{{cite book|title=Neoliberal Apartheid: Palestine/Israel and South Africa After 1994|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=2017|isbn=978-0-226-43009-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u5UtDwAAQBAJ|last=Clarno|first=Andy}}
*{{cite news|title=The West Bank's new Bantustans|last=Cohen|first=Amichai|website=[[Ynet]]news|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/article/ry6ossaWU|date=2 January 2020}}
*{{Cite book|title=Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the 107th Congress, Second Session|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office]]|pages=S2995–S2997|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-04-22/pdf/CREC-2002-04-22.pdf#page=7|location=Washington D.C.|date=20 April 2002|quote=The ideas were presented on December 23 by the President, and they basically said the following: On borders, there would be about a 5 percent annexation in the West Bank for the Israelis and a 2 percent swap. So there would be a net 97 percent of the territory that would go to the Palestinians.|ref={{harvid|107th Congress|2002}}}}
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*{{cite news|title=Palestine and Israel: Mapping an annexation|last=Haddad|first=Mohammed|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/6/26/palestine-and-israel-mapping-an-annexation|date=26 June 2020}}
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*{{cite news|title=Donor Countries Won't Fund Israeli-planned Separate Roads for Palestinians|last=Hass|first=Amira|author-link=Amira Hass|newspaper=[[Haaretz]]|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.4770661|date=29 November 2004}}
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{{refend}}{{شريط بوابات|إسرائيل|فلسطين}}


{{بذرة إسرائيل}}
{{بذرة إسرائيل}}

نسخة 16:46، 11 مايو 2023

المنطقة ألف وباء في إطار اتفاق أوسلو الثاني

إن بانتوستانات الضفة الغربية، أو كانتونات الضفة الغربية، والتي توصف مجازيا بأنها الأرخبيل الفلسطيني،[ا][1][2][3] هي الجيوب غير المتجاورة المقترحة بالنسبة للفلسطينيين في الضفة الغربية في إطار مجموعة متنوعة من المقترحات التي تقودها الولايات المتحدة وإسرائيل لإنهاء الصراع الإسرائيلي الفلسطيني.[ب][4]

استخدم مصطلح «تحويل الأراضي إلى بانتوستانات» لأول مرة من قبل عزمي بشارة في عام 1995 ومن قبل ميرون بنفينستي في عام 2004 للإشارة إلى نموذج التشرذم الإقليمي والسياسي والاقتصادي الذي أنشأته الحكومة الإسرائيلية. وقد استخدمت المصطلحات أيضا لوصف المجالين ألف وباء في إطار اتفاق أوسلو الثاني لعام 1995، والحالة المماثلة وإن كانت أقل رسمية بين عامي 1967 و1995.[5] وبموجب شروط اتفاقات اوسلو، تتكون منطقة الضفة الغربية التي تسيطر عليها السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية من 165 «جزيرة».[ج] وقد أشار شاري موترو إلى خرائط اتفاق أوسلو على أنها خريطة الجبن السويسري.[6]

ويقال إن بنية البانتوستان هي بمثابة الركيزة للعديد من مقترحات «الوضع النهائي» للصراع الإسرائيلية، بما في ذلك خطة آلون، وخطة المنظمة الصهيونية العالمية، وخطة مناحم بيجن، وخطة بنيامين نتنياهو «ألون بلس»، وقمة كامب ديفيد في عام 2000، ومقترحات أرييل شارون، ومؤخرا خطة ترامب للسلام.

ملاحظات

  1. ^ «في عام 2009 ، صمم الفنان الفرنسي جوليان بوساك خريطة للضفة الغربية بعنوان (بالفرنسية: L'archipel de Palestine orientale)‏ أو "أرخبيل شرق فلسطين" ... توضح خريطة بوساك - من خلال الخيال العسكري والسياحي - كيف أدت اتفاقيات أوسلو التي توسطت فيها الولايات المتحدة إلى تجزئة الضفة الغربية إلى جيوب مفصولة بنقاط تفتيش ومستوطنات تحافظ على السيطرة الإسرائيلية على الضفة الغربية وتحصر غالبية السكان الفلسطينيين في مراكز المدن والقرى الفلسطينية المتقلصة». (Kelly 2016, pp. 723–745)
  2. ^ «في مواجهة أوجه التشابه الدولية على نطاق واسع بين الضفة الغربية وبانتوستانات الفصل العنصري في جنوب إفريقيا ، بدأت شخصيات بارزة في حزب الليكود بزعامة نتنياهو تتقبل الخطر.» (Financial Times 2013)
  3. ^ «90 بالمائة من سكان الضفة الغربية مقسمون إلى 165 جزيرة تحت السيطرة الظاهرية للسلطة الفلسطينية». (Thrall 2017, p. 144)

المراجع

الإشارات المرجعية

  1. ^ Barak 2005، صفحات 719–736.
  2. ^ Baylouny 2009، صفحات 39–68.
  3. ^ Peteet 2016، صفحات 247–281.
  4. ^ Chaichian 2013، صفحات 271–319.
  5. ^ Harris 1984، صفحات 169–189.
  6. ^ Motro 2005، صفحة 46.

المعلومات الكاملة للمراجع