^Crisis of the Ottoman Empire: Prelude to Collapse 1839-1878, by James J. Reid, 2000, page 341 : ``...Baker´s small force defended the pass successfully against a Russian force ten times its size...´´
^On Horseback Through Asia Minor, Frederick Burnaby, 2007, p. xxxiv
^On Horseback Through Asia Minor, Frederick Burnaby, 2007, p. xxxv
George Bruce (historian). Harbottle's Dictionary of Battles. (Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1981) ((ردمك 978-0-442-22336-6)).
Frederick Gustavus Burnaby. On Horseback Through Asia Minor. (Cosimo Inc., 2007, originally published in 1878) ((ردمك 978-1-60206-341-9)).
الدولة العثمانية
الإمبراطورية الروسية
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